Oiling system



'May 5, 1925.

C. E. JEFFERS OILNCr SYSTEM Filed Feb, 2; 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l huh.

May 5, 1925. 1,537,013

C. E. JEFFERS OILING SYSTEM Filed Feb, 2. l92l 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 grwvifoz Clarence .T effe rs,

t Fig. 2a

Patented May 5, 1925.

y. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

`CLARENCE E. JEEEEILS, 0F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, fASSIGNOlt TO HOWARD C.

MARMN, OF INBIANAPOLIS, INDIANA. I

ernme- Applcatien led February Toall whom t may, concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE E. Jnrrnns, a citizen ot the United States, residing at Indianapolis, in the county ot Marion and State oit Indiana, have invented a new and usetul Oiling System, of which the tollowing` is a specification.

In the operation oit automobiles there are many bearing surfaces, particularly those ot the crankshaft, pitmen, and pistons and cooperating cylinder surfaces, which prove more etlicient when supplied with oil in amounts varying with the variations ot load, while other bearings may most conveniently be'supplied with a stufierabundance ot'oil without detriment, either tothe oil orthe inechanisl'n.

, The object oit my present invention is to provide a construction'and arrangement by means of which' a `force-feed lubrication may be maintained wherein the quantity ot' oil flowing to and beyond theV primary bearings will be uniform at any given speed operation, but the delivery pressure will be dependent upon the load conditions ot the engine. p

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention. Fig. 1 is a distorted vertical section of my device and associated parts;

vertical section of the controlling valve on line 2 2 oli Fig. 3; Fig. 3 horizontal section on line 3 3 ot Fig. 2.

In the drawings, 10 indicates a series ot primary bearings, such, ttor instance, as the crank-shaft bearings and closely associated parts, of an internal yconilmstion engine, which bearings are to be positively served with a proper quantity of oil, depending upon loadconditions. In the present instance, these bearings 10 areserved trom a tortuous passage 1l leading through the crank shaft and connected, at its receiving end, with the discharge pipe 12 of a positive pressure oil pump'13 conveniently otv the usual gear-,type and delivering its envtire. output, under all conditions, to Vpassage 11.

The oil` discharged from the outer end ot passage 11 passes into a pipe 11Y which leads into a chamber 15 which surrounds, nd communicates with., an intern'iediate porA tion et', the valve cylinder 16. Fitted within the valve cylinder yis a piston valve 17, the lower end ot whichv normally blocks i/Talve 17 is normally held in chamber 1,..

sYsrEM.

2, 1921.v Serial N0. 441,907.,

its lowest position both by its weight and by a spring 18, the strength ot which is carefully determined in the factory. Leading from the upper end of the valve cylinder 16 is a pipe 19, which connects withthe' inlet manifold, as indicated in Fig. 1.

'lhe valve 17 is reduced at an intermediate point and above the portion blocking lower end, to torin a leakage chamber 20, so that any oil which leaks by from chamber 15 may tlow back to the oil sump O, through a passage 21 and thus be prevented from being sucked up into the manifold, past valve 17.

As a further guard against any oil being sucked up into the manifold, I make the valve 17 of considerable length above chamber 2O and provide shallow circumferential grooves 22.

ALeading from chamber 15 is a passage 23 which terminates in an outwardly directed seat 24, on which is seated a pressure-determined valve 25, yieldingly held to its seat by a spring 2G having an adjustable abutment 28. Valve 25, and. its spring, is mounted in a chamber 29, from which leads a passage 30. which may be connected directly with the oil sump O, or may, as in the present instance, be connected to a pipe 31 which leads to various bearings which may be properly Vsupplied at all times with an excess et oil, such, for instance, as timing gears, valve rods and levers, etc., the surplus gravitating, in due course, to the oil sump.

The downward, or closing movement, of valve 17 is limited by a stop 35, so as to leave a chamber 36 in the lower end ot the valve cylinder 16, and a by-pass 37 forms a connection between this chamber 36 and the chamber 29. This by-pass 37 might, of course, lead directly back to the oil sump, butin practice, I prefer to deliver the oil flowing therethrough to the ppe 31 ,and the bearings supplied thereby. lllhenever the 'vacuum in the inlet manifold is sutiicient, valve 17 will be vraised so as to permit the oil to liow through chamber 36 and by-pass 37. As a consequence, under light load conditions, oil will be, delivered to bearings l() under a very light pressure, due primarily to the gravity-head in pipe 31, but under heavier load conditions, the pressure ot oil in passage 411 will be ydetermined by spring 26.

It will be noted that, with the', above described construction, the Vt'ull discharge ol"r the pump traverses the passage ll (which supplies the primary bearings) at all times and there can be no Yfailure oi delivery oit oil to any ot' bearings lt); the maximum delivery pressure to the primary hearings l0 is controlled by the valve 25; the opening otl communication between chamber l5 and by-pass 37 promptly causes a reduction in pressure in passage l1 but does not decrease the volume o'l flow through said passage, the consequent reduction in delivery of oil to the bearings l1. being due to the pressure reduction; the by-passing oit' oil through passage 37 to pipe 3l insures a full supply of oil to the secondary bearings under all conditions. Oil from the upper bearings drops to a chamber 3S so as to supply an abundance o'f oil to the valve stems 39 and through openings Ll0 oil passes to the pistons 4l.

I claim as my invention:

l. The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varyingin amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading to such bearings and delivering the oil thereto in scriatiin, se"- ondary bearings requiring oil and a conduit leading thereto. an oil pump having a source of supply and a discharge conduit leading to said first-mentioned hearing, means serially beyond the said lirstsmentioned hearings and in advance o' the secondary hearings t'or maintaining a predetermined pressure in the conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings, a by-pass valve associated with the oil conduit serially beyond said tiret-mentioned bearings and arranged, when opened, to relieve the pressure inthe conduit leading to said Erst-mentioned bearings, and means, subject to varying vacuum conditions inl the engine, tor controlling the position of. the by-pass valve.

'2. The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying` in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading to such bearings and delivering the oil thereto in seriat'im. an oil pump having a source o supply and a discharge conduitleading to said bearings, means serially beyond the said bearings tor maintaininga predetermined pressurein the conduit leading to said hearings, a by-pass valve associated with the oil conduit serially beyond said hearings and arranged, when opened, to relieve the pressure in the conduit leading to said bearings, and means, subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine, for controlling the position of the by-pass valve.

The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings reoiuiring` oil varying in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading to such bearings and delivering the oil thereto in scriatim, secondary bearings requiring oil and a conduit leading thereto, an oil pump having a source ot' supply and a discharge conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearing, a valve arranged serially beyond said tirst-mentioned bearings norm ally blocking tlow through the conduit leading` to said first-mentioned bearings, the relation between said valve and conduit being' such thatA pressure within the conduit is inetiective against said valve in the opening` direction, and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine tor controlling` the position ot said valve.

lt. The combination with an internal combustiion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading' to such bearings and delivering the oil thereto in seriatim, an oil pump having' a source of supply, and a discharge conduit leading to said bearings, a valve arranged serially beyond said hearings normally blocking tlow through thc conduit liading to said bearings, the relation between said valve` and conduit being such that pressure within the conduit is inetllective against said valve in the opening direction` and means subject to varying` vacuum conditions in the engine lor controllingl the position ol said Valve.

The combination with an internal conibustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading to such bearings and delivering the oil thereto in scriatini, an oil pump having a source ot supply and a discharge conduit leading to said hearings, means serially beyond the said bearings Ytor maintaining a predetermined iliressure in the conduit leading to said bearings, a liv-pass valve associated with the oil conduit seriallyy beyond said bearings and arranged, when opened, to relieve the pressure in the conduit leading to said bearings. and means tor controlling the position ot' the hy-pass valve.

G. The combination with an internal conihustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying` in amount with load conditions. an oil conduit leading to such bearings and delivering' the oil thereto in scriatim, secondary hearings requiring oil and a conduit leading thereto, an oil pump having a source of suiiplv and a discharge conduit leadingl to said first-mentioned hearing. a valve arranged serially beyond said tirst--menlioncd hearii'igs normally blocking liow through the conduit leading said .first-mentioned hearings, the relation between said valve and conduit being such that pressure within the conduit is inetlective against said valve in the opening direction. and means for controlling tle position ot said valve.

7. The combination with an internal combustion engine having hearings reouiring oil varying in amount with load conditions,

l il tl an oil conduit leading to such bearingsfl and delivering the oilV thereto in seriatlm, an oil pump having a source-fof supply, and a discharge conduit leading to said bearings, a valve arranged serially beyond said bearings normally blockingioiv thi-'ougli the conduit leading 'to said bearings, the relation between said valve and conduit bei-ng such that pressure Within the conduit is ineiiectiive against said valve in the opening direction, and

means for controlling the position ,of said valve. A

8. The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil carrying in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading to such bea-rings and delivering the oil thereto in seriatim, secondary bearings requiring o ilvand a co-nduit leading thereto supplied with oil from s aid first conduit, a pump having a :source oi oil supply and a discharge conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings, means beyond the first-mentioned,bearings and in advance of the secondary bearings for maintaining a predetermined pressure in the conduit leading rto the first-mentioned bearings Without affecting the volume of oil passing to said secondary bearings, a by-pass valve associated v vitlrthe oil conduit beyond said first-mentioned bearings and arranged when opened to relieve the pressure in the conduit leading to the first-mentioned' bearings without 'affecting the volume of oil supply to the secondary bearings, and means for controlling said valve in accordance with the load imposed on the engine'.

9. The combination with an internal com-V o-ndary bearings' requiring oilA and a conduit vleading thereto supplied With oil from said irst conduit, a pump having a source of supply and a'discharge conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings, means beyond the first-mentioned bearings and in advance oi the secondary bearings for maintaining a predetermined pressure in the conduit ,leading to the first-mentioned bearings Without affecting the volume of oil passing to said secondary'bearings, a by-pass valve associated With the oil conduit beyond said `first-mentioned bearings and arranged when opened to relieve the pressure inthe conduit leading to the first-mentioned bearings Without affecting the volume of oil supplied to the secondary bearings, and automatically operated means yfor controlling said valve in accordance with the `load imposed on said engine. l

10. The combination with an internal combustion engine havingv bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading to said bear- -ings,esecondary bearings requiring oil and a conduit leading thereto supplied with oil from said first conduit, a pump having a source ot' oil supply and a discharge conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings7 means beyond the irst-mentioned bearings vand in advance Vof the secondary bea-rings for maintaining a predetermined pressure in the conduit leading to the first-mentioned bearings Without affecting the volume ot oil passing to said secondary bearings, a bypass valve associated with the oil conduit beyond said inst-mentioned bearings and arranged when .opened to relieve the pressure inthe conduit leading to said lstmentioned bearings Without aii'ecting the volume supplied to the. secondary bearings, and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position of said by-pass valve. p

1l. The combination withv an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount With load condiions7 secondary bearings requiring oil7 oil conduits leading to both ot said sets of bearings and arranged in series, the conduit tor said iii-st mentioned bearings delivering the oil thereto inA seriatiin, an oil pump having a. source ot supply and a discharge conduit leading to said first mentioned bearings, means in said'oil conduits beyond the firstn'ientioned bearings and in advance of the secondary bearings for maintaining a predetermined pressure inthe conduit loading to said first-mentioned bearings Without attccting the volume of oil passing to the conduit for said secondary bearings, a by-pass valve associated with the oil conduit beyond vsaid Erst-mentioned bearings and arranged when opened to relieve the pressure in said conduit Without atliecting the volume of oil passing into the conduits leading to the secondary bearings,V and means subject to the varying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position oi' the by-pass valve.

l2.r The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount With load conditions, secondary bearings requiring oil,foil conduits leading to both sets ot bearings and arranged in series, an oil pump having a source of supply and a discharge conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings, a by-pass valve associated with said oil conduits beyond said Erst-mentioned bearings and in advance oi said secondary bearings to relieve the pressure in the conduit leading` to said first-mentioned bearings Without adecting the volume of oil to said secondary lmarings,` and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position ot the by-pass valve.,

13. The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load condi- CII tions, an oil conduit leading to such bearings and delivering the oil thereto in seriatim, secondary bearings requiring oil and a conduit leading thereto, an oil pump having a source of supply and a discharge conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings, a valve beyond the said first-mentioned bearings and in advance of the secondary bearings tor maintaining aI predetermined pressure in the conduit leading to said firstmentioned bearings, a by-pass valve associated with the oil conduit beyond said firstmentioned bearings and arranged when opened to relieve the pressure in the conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings, and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position et the by-pass valve.

ist. The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading to such bea-rings and delivering the oil thereto in seria.- tim, secondary bearings requiring oilv and a conduit leading thereto, an oil pump having a source of supply and a discharge cenduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings, a. valve opened by oil pressure beyond the first-mentioned bearings and in advance oit the secondary bearings tor maintaining a predetermined pressure in the conduit leading to said first-mentioned bearings and connecting the conduit leading to said secondary bearings therewith, a by-pass valve unaffected by oil pressure connecting said conduits, and means subject to varying f'acuum conditions in the engine `tor controllingthe position ot said by-pass valve.

l5. The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount With load conditions, an oil conduit leading to such bearings and delivering the oil thereto in seriatim, an oil pump having a source of supply and a discharge conduit leading to said bearings, a valve arranged serially beyond said bearings normally blocking fiow through the conduit leading to said bearings, and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position of said valve.

lfi. The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit leading to such bearings, secondary bearings requiring oil and a conduit leading thereto, an oil pump having a source ot supply and a. discharge conduit leading to said first mentioned bearings, a valve arranged serially beyond said first mentioned bearings normally blocking flow through the conduit leading to said first mentioned bearings and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position of said valve.

17. The combination with an internal combustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load conditions, et an oil pump having a source of supply, a conduit lea-ding from the discharge et said pump to said bearings and discharging back to the source ot supply, an outlet passage leading Yfrom said conduit serially beyond said bearings, a valve normally blocking said outlet and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position of said valve.

lo. rlfhe combination with an internal coin-- bustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load conditions, ot an oil pump having a source ot supply, a conduit leading trom the discharge oilI said pump to said bearings and discharging back to the source 'of supply of the pump, an outlet passage leading from said conduit scrially beyond some ot said bearings and in trout el? others`r a connection between said outlet to said other bearings, a valve normally blocking said outlet and means subject to \.'arying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position of said valve.

19. rllhe combina tion with an internal ycoinbustion engine having bearings requiring oil varying in amount with load conditions, an oil conduit arranged to deliver oil to said bearings and delivering the oil thereto in seriatim, au oil pump having a source of supply and a discharge conduit leading to said conduit, means serially beyond the said bearings for maintaining a predetermined pressure in the conduit leading to said bearings, a bypass valve associated with thek oil conduit serially beyond said bearings and arranged, when opened. to relieve the pressure in the conduit leading to said bearings and means Ytor controlling the position oi the bypass valve.

20. The combination with an internal combustion engine having a crank shaft provided with an oil conduit extending therethrough and arranged to feed oil in seriatini to the various bearings ot said crank shaft, of an oil pump having a source ot supply and a discharge conduit leading to said crank shaft conduit, a valve arranged scrially beyond said crank shait conduit and normally blocking the flow through the conduit leading to said bearings and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine lor controlling the position o'i said valve.

2l. rllhe combination with an internal conibustion engine having a crank sha'ft provided with a conduit extending therethrough and arranged to deliver oil in seriatim to the bearings thereof', an eil pump having a source ol supply and a discharge conduit leading to said crank sha't't conduit, a valve in said crank shaft conduit beyond the bearings thereof having means normally tending to urge said valve elosed7 a bypass around said valve7 a valve Controlling said bypass and means subject to varying vacuum con-` n to the various bearings of said crank shaft,

of an oil pump having a source of supply and a discharge conduit leading to said crank shaft conduit, means serially beyond he bearings of said crank shaft for maintaining a predetermined pressure in the crank shaft conduit, a bypass valve associated with the crank shaft' conduit serially beyond the crank shaft bearings and arranged when opened to relieve the pressure in the conduit leading to said bearings and means subject to varying vacuum conditions in the engine for controlling the position of the bypass valve. n

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Indianapolis, Indiana, this twenty-ninth day of January, A. D. one thousand nine hundred and twenty-one.

CLARENCE E. JEFFERS. 

